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Renewable energy in Australia
Renewable energy has undergone substantial growth in Australia in the 21st century. It is estimated that Australia produced 29,678 gigawatt hours (GWh) of renewable energy electricity (or equivalent) over the year ending December 2012, representing 13.14% of the total production in Australia. By way of comparison, in 2006, approximately 9,500 GWh of electricity came from renewable sources, representing less than 4% of nationally generated electricity.〔(Global green )〕
Of all renewable electrical energy sources in 2012, hydroelectricity represents 57.8%, wind 26%, bioenergy 8.1%, solar PV 8%, large-scale solar 0.147%, geothermal 0.002% and marine 0.001%; additionally, solar hot water heating is estimated to replace a further 2,422 GWh of electrical generation.
Similar to many other countries, development of renewable energy in Australia has been encouraged by government policy implemented in response to concerns about climate change, energy independence and economic stimulus. A key policy that has been in place since 2001 to encourage large-scale renewable energy development is a mandatory renewable energy target, which in 2010 was increased to 41,000 gigawatt-hours of renewable generation from power stations. This was subsequently slashed to 33,000 gigawatt-hours by the Abbott Government.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-06-23/amendments-to-cut-renewable-energy-target-pass-parliament/6568642 )〕 Alongside this there is the Small-Scale Renewable Energy Scheme, an uncapped scheme to support rooftop solar power and solar hot water〔(Australian Government: Office of the Renewable Energy Regulator – LRET-SRES Basics )〕 and several State schemes providing feed-in tariffs to encourage photovoltaics. In 2012, these policies were supplemented by a carbon price and a 10 billion-dollar fund to finance renewable energy projects, although these initiatives have since been withdrawn by the Abbott Government.
It has been suggested that with sufficient public and private sector investment and government policy certainty, Australia could switch entirely to renewable energy within a decade by building additional large-scale solar and wind power developments, upgrading to transmission infrastructure and introduction of appropriate energy efficiency measures.〔
==Renewable energy sources and initiatives==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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